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G and effective m-values
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and QB3 Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3206, USA
(RECEIVED April 14, 2004; FINAL REVISION May 27, 2004; ACCEPTED May 28, 2004)
Analyzing the stability of a multimeric protein is challenging because of the intrinsic difficulty in handling the mathematical model for the folded multimer-unfolded monomer equilibrium. To circumvent this problem, we introduce the concept of effective stability,
Geff (= RTlnKeff), where Keff is the equilibrium constant expressed in monomer units. Analysis of the denaturant effect on
Geff gives new insight into the stability of multimeric proteins. When a multimeric protein is mostly folded, the dependence of effective stability on denaturant concentration (effective m-value) is simply the m-value of its monomeric unit. However, when the protein is mostly unfolded, its stability depends on denaturant concentration with the m-value of its multimeric form. We also find that the effective m-value at the Cm is a good approximation of the apparent m-value determined by fitting the equilibrium unfolding data from multimeric proteins with a two-state monomer model. Moreover, when the m-value of a monomeric unit is estimated from its size, the effective stability of a multimeric protein can be determined simply from Cm and this estimated m-value. These simple and intuitive approaches will allow a facile analysis of the stability of multimeric proteins. These analyses are also applicable for high-throughput analysis of protein stability on a proteomic scale.
Keywords: protein stability; m-value; multimeric protein; oligomeric protein
Article and publication are at http://www.proteinscience.org/cgi/doi/10.1110/ps.04811004.
Reprint requests to: Susan Marqusee, 215A Hildebrand Hall, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3206, USA; e-mail: marqusee{at}uclink.berkeley.edu; fax: (510) 643-9290.
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