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Published online before print October 31, 2005, 10.1110/ps.051635205
Protein Science (2005), 14:3101-3114. Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Copyright © 2005 The Protein Society
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Solution structure of {gamma}S-crystallin by molecular fragment replacement NMR

Zhengrong Wu1,3, Frank Delaglio1, Keith Wyatt2, Graeme Wistow2 and Ad Bax1

1 Laboratory of Chemical Physics, NIDDK, and 2 Section on Molecular Structure and Functional Genomics, NEI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
3 Biochemistry Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA

(RECEIVED June 6, 2005; FINAL REVISION September 2, 2005; ACCEPTED September 4, 2005)

The solution structure of murine {gamma}S-crystallin ({gamma}S) has been determined by multidimensional triple resonance NMR spectroscopy, using restraints derived from two sets of dipolar couplings, recorded in different alignment media, and supplemented by a small number of NOE distance restraints. {gamma}S consists of two topologically similar domains, arranged with an approximate twofold symmetry, and each domain shows close structural homology to closely related (~50% sequence identity) domains found in other members of the {gamma}-crystallin family. Each domain consists of two four-strand "Greek key" {beta}-sheets. Although the domains are tightly anchored to one another by the hydrophobic surfaces of the two inner Greek key motifs, the N-arm, the interdomain linker and several turn regions show unexpected flexibility and disorder in solution. This may contribute entropic stabilization to the protein in solution, but may also indicate nucleation sites for unfolding or other structural transitions. The method used for solving the {gamma}S structure relies on the recently introduced molecular fragment replacement method, which capitalizes on the large database of protein structures previously solved by X-ray crystallography and NMR.

Keywords: alignment; deuteration; liquid crystal; Pf1; relaxation; RDC; residual dipolar coupling; structural proteins; NMR spectroscopy; heteronuclear NMR; new methods; database mining

Abbreviations: MFR, molecular fragment replacement • {gamma}S, murine {gamma}S-crystallin • Da, magnitude of the dipolar coupling tensor • R, rhombicity of the dipolar coupling tensor

Article published online ahead of print. Article and publication date are at http://www.proteinscience.org/cgi/doi/10.1110/ps.051635205.


Reprint requests to: Ad Bax, Building 5, Room 126, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520, USA; e-mail: bax{at}nih.gov; fax: (301) 402-0907.


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