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Published online before print October 26, 2007, 10.1110/ps.073161707
Protein Science (2007), 16:2761-2769. Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. Copyright © 2007 The Protein Society
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PROTEIN STRUCTURE REPORT

Crystal structure of the kinase domain of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 in complex with AMP–PNP

Baoguang Zhao1, Ruth Lehr2, Angela M. Smallwood1, Thau F. Ho2, Kathleen Maley2, Tanya Randall2, Martha S. Head1, Kristin K. Koretke1, and Christine G. Schnackenberg3

1 Department of Computational and Structural Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
2 Department of Biological Reagents and Assay Development, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
3 Department of Investigative and Cardiac Biology, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA

(RECEIVED August 6, 2007; FINAL REVISION September 7, 2007; ACCEPTED September 7, 2007)

Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase of the AGC family which participates in the control of epithelial ion transport and is implicated in proliferation and apoptosis. We report here the 1.9 Å crystal structure of the catalytic domain of inactive human SGK1 in complex with AMP–PNP. SGK1 exists as a dimer formed by two intermolecular disulfide bonds between Cys258 in the activation loop and Cys193. Although most of the SGK1 structure closely resembles the common protein kinase fold, the structure around the active site is unique when compared to most protein kinases. The {alpha}C helix is not present in this inactive form of SGK1 crystal structure; instead, the segment corresponding to the C helix forms a beta-strand that is stabilized by the N-terminal segment of the activation loop through a short antiparallel beta-sheet. Since the differences from other kinases occur around the ATP binding site, this structure can provide valuable insight into the design of selective and highly potent ATP-competitive inhibitors of SGK1 kinase.

Keywords: SGK1; serine-threonine protein kinase; X-ray crystallography; crystal structure



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