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Protein Science, Vol 3, Issue 7 1010-1019, Copyright © 1994 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

ARTICLE

Relative stabilities of synthetic peptide homoand heterodimeric troponin-C domains

G. S. SHAW, R. S. HODGES, C. M. KAY and B. D. SYKES
Present address: Department of Biochemistry and R.S. McLaughlin Macromolecular Structure Facility, The University of western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada; e-mail: shaw@merlin.biochem.uwo.ca.

It has previously been shown that synthetic peptides corresponding to calcium-binding sites III (SCIII) and IV (SCIV) from troponin-C can undergo a calcium-induced dimerization to form the respective homodimers (Shaw GS, Hodges RS, Sykes BD, 1990, Science 249:280-283; Shaw GS et al., 1992a, J Am Chem Soc 114:6258-6259). In addition, an equimolar mixture of SCIII and SCIV has been shown to form preferentially the SCIII/SCIV heterodimer (Shaw GS et al., 1992a, J Am Chem Soc 114:6258-6259). The stabilities of these dimers have been investigated by using (1)H-NMR and circular dichroism spectroscopies to follow temperature- and guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl)-induced denaturations. It has been found that the most stable species, the SCIII/SCIV heterodimer ({Delta}G(u)(H(2)O) = -64.8 kJ/mol), is about 13 kJ/mol more stable than the least stable species, the SCIV homodimer, while the SCIII homodimer is of intermediate stability. This trend of free energies agrees well with the trend of {Delta}G(0) values derived from the products of the dissociation constants for calcium binding and peptide association determined from earlier calcium-titration studies. These observations provide evidence that calcium affinity and the association of 2-calcium binding sites are tightly linked. However, it was noted that in all cases {Delta}G(0) was considerably more negative than {Delta}G(u)(H(2)O) determined from GuHCl experiments. This difference increased as the stability of the peptide complex increased, providing evidence that linear extrapolation of GuHCl data for very stable proteins may significantly underestimate the value for {Delta}G(0).
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