http://www.jbmr.org EarlyView RSS Feed http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1458347/Multipotent_progenitors_resident_in_the_skeletal_muscle_interstitium_exhibit_rob.html Abstract Heterotopic ossification is a debilitating condition that can result from traumatic injury, surgery, or genetic disease. We investigated the cellular origins of heterotopic skeletogenesis in the mouse using lineage tracing and bioassays of heterotopic ossification based on intramuscular transplantation. We identify, characterize and purify a tissue‐resident stem/progenitor cell population that exhibits robust osteogenic... 2012-02-03T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1458353/Effect_of_vertebroplasty_on_pain_relief_quality_of_life_and_the_incidence_of_new.html Abstract Uncertainty regarding the benefits of vertebroplasty (VP) for the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral fractures has recently arisen. A prospective, controlled, randomized single‐center trial (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT00994032) was designed to compare the effects of VP vs conservative treatment (CT) on the quality of life and pain in patients with painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures, new fractures and... 2012-02-03T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1458349/Effects_of_vitamin_E_on_bone_turnover_markers_among_US_postmenopausal_women.html Abstract Increased oxidative stress and inflammation resulting from aging and declining estrogen levels can lead to increased bone loss in postmenopausal women. Alpha‐ and gamma‐tocopherol, the two predominant isomers of vitamin E, have antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, but their effects on bone metabolism have not been well studied in humans. We examined the associations between dietary and total (diet and supplements)... 2012-02-03T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1458351/Demonstration_of_osteocytic_perilacunarcanalicular_remodeling_in_mice_during_lac.html Abstract Osteoclasts are thought to be solely responsible for the removal of bone matrix. However, we show here that osteocytes can also remove bone matrix by reversibly remodeling their perilacunar/canalicular matrix during the reproductive cycle. In contrast, no osteocytic remodeling was observed with experimental unloading despite similar degrees of bone loss. Gene array analysis of osteocytes from lactating animals revealed an... 2012-02-03T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1454597/Inflammatory_markers_and_the_risk_of_hip_fracture_The_womens_health_initiative.html Abstract Cytokines play a major role in bone remodeling in vitro and in animal models, with evidence supporting the involvement of inflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. However, less is known about the longitudinal association of inflammatory markers with hip fracture. We tested whether high receptor levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines are associated with an increased risk of hip fracture in older women. We... 2012-01-27T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1454599/Weight_loss_in_obese_older_adults_increases_serum_sclerostin_and_impairs_hip_geo.html Abstract We reported that weight loss induces bone loss which is prevented by exercise training; however, the mechanism for this observation remains unclear. Sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation, has been found to increase in states of unloading and may mediate the changes in bone metabolism associated with weight loss and exercise. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of lifestyle intervention in obese older... 2012-01-27T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1454601/Novel_extraneural_role_of_NogoA_Modulation_of_osteoclastogenesis_via_positive_fe.html Abstract Osteoclasts are bone‐resorbing cells differentiated from macrophage/monocyte lineage precursors upon receptor activator of NFkB ligand (RANKL) stimulation. In a proteomic approach to identify proteins involved in osteoclastogenesis, we observed a dramatic increase in the expression of Nogo‐A upon RANKL stimulation of mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) in a nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1... 2012-01-27T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1452021/Therapeutic_effect_of_local_administration_of_low_dose_simvastatinconjugated_gel.html Abstract Several reports have shown the therapeutic effect of statins on bone formation with neovascularization. However, the effect of the systemic administration of statins is limited due to its metabolism in the liver and clearance in the digestive system. In addition, high dose administration may cause adverse side effects. To avoid low efficacy/frequent side effects of high‐dose statin treatment, we utilized biodegradable... 2012-01-24T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1452023/Incidence_and_demography_of_femur_fractures_with_and_without_atypical_features.html Abstract The case definition, community incidence, and characteristics of atypical femoral shaft fractures (FSF) are poorly understood. This retrospective study utilized electronic medical records and radiograph review among women ≥ age 50 and men ≥ age 65 from January 1996‐June 2009 at Kaiser Permanente Northwest to describe the incidence rates and characteristics of subgroups of femur fractures. Fractures were categorized based on... 2012-01-24T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1451423/Vitamin_D_osteocalcin_and_risk_for_adiposity_as_comorbidities_in_middle_school_c.html Abstract Nonclassic actions of vitamin D include potential regulation of immune function and glucose homeostasis. The bone‐metabolism loop has recently been expanded to include osteocalcin, which appears to play a more direct role in pancreatic beta cell function and energy metabolism. We hypothesized that both vitamin D and osteocalcin would correlate negatively with indices of adiposity‐related comorbidity risk in periadolescents,... 2012-01-23T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1451427/A_functional_haplotype_in_EIF2AK3__an_ER_stress_sensor_is_associated_with_lower_.html Abstract EIF2AK3 is a type I transmembrane protein that functions as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor to regulate global protein synthesis. Rare mutations in EIF2AK3 cause Wolcott‐Rallison syndrome (OMIM 226980), an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes, epiphyseal dysplasia, osteoporosis, and growth retardation. To investigate the role of common genetic variation in EIF2AK3 as a determinant of bone mineral density... 2012-01-23T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1451429/Mef2c_deletion_in_osteocytes_results_in_increased_bone_mass.html Abstract Myocyte enhancer factors 2 (MEF2) are required for expression of the osteocyte bone formation inhibitor Sost in vitro, implying these transcription factors in bone biology. Here, we analyzed the in vivo function of Mef2c in osteocytes in male and female mice during skeletal growth and aging. Dmp1‐Cre–induced Mef2c deficiency led to progressive decreases in Sost expression by 40% and 70% in femoral cortical bone at 3.5 months and 5 to 6 months of age. From 2... 2012-01-23T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1451431/Genomewide_association_of_an_integrated_osteoporosisrelated_phenotype_Is_there_e.html Abstract Multiple musculoskeletal traits assessed by various methods at different skeletal sites serve as surrogates for osteoporosis risk. However, it is a challenge to select the most relevant phenotypes for genetic study of fractures. Principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted in participants of the Framingham Osteoporosis Study on 17 measures including bond mineral density (BMD) (hip and spine), heel ultrasound, leg lean... 2012-01-23T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1451433/Adverse_effects_of_hyperlipidemia_on_bone_regeneration_and_strength.html Abstract Hyperlipidemia increases the risk for generation of lipid oxidation products, which accumulate in the subendothelial spaces of vasculature and bone. Atherogenic high‐fat diets increase serum levels of oxidized lipids, which are known to attenuate osteogenesis in culture and to promote bone loss in mice. In this study, we investigated whether oxidized lipids affect bone regeneration and mechanical strength. Wild‐type (WT)... 2012-01-23T00:00:00Z http://www.jbmr.org/details/journalArticle/1451435/A_nonsynonymous_TNFRSF11A_variation_increases_NFB_activity_and_the_severity_of_P.html Abstract Mutations in the SQSTM1 gene were identified as a common cause of Paget's disease of bone (PDB) but experimental evidence demonstrated that SQSTM1 mutation is not sufficient to induce PDB in vivo. Here, we identified two nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (C421T, H141Y and T575C, V192A) in the TNFRSF11A gene, associated with PDB and with the severity of phenotype in a large population of 654 unrelated patients that were... 2012-01-23T00:00:00Z